David Emile Durkheim is often regarded as the "father" of Sociology. He was a committed social activist and was very interested in change in social affair. He wanted to understand and theorize the impact of the large scale structures of society itself on the thoughts and actions of the individual.
He was born in France in 1858. He was born a French jew but changed his views very early in life. He had witnessed massive social change in the economy and civil society. The curriculim in France was not yet unuified. He taught moral education to school teachers. Although Sociology didn't exist in Durkheim time.
He emphasized the difference from material and not material social facts. Material Social Facts include: society, the structural components of society, and morphological components of society. nonmaterial social facts include: morality, the collective conscience and representations.
Durkheim also focused on transformation of work in the modern society. He Differentiated the two ideal types of society. Organic and Mechanical Solidarity. These types of social organizations had produces two different types of collective.
In the context of social change, Durkheim saw a decline of the common morality. He used the term "anomie" to describe the social change. This is breakdown of the influence of social norms on individuals within a society. This is connnected with his theory on suicide. Durkheim was the first to argue that the causes of suicide were to be found in social factors and not individual personalities. I found this chart listed above. It is a map an Emile Durkheim's studies.
He is not known as father of sociology. .
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